Nelson & Crouse

Plain-language guides

California injury and civil rights guides

Each guide covers what the law requires, what evidence decides the case, and the deadline that applies. None of it is a substitute for reading your own documents, and the review is free.

No fee unless we recover Free document review California
Photograph: Energyme / CC BY-SA 4.0
6 monthsPublic entity claim deadline
2 yearsPrivate defendant deadline
§ 1983Two years for federal civil rights
  • Slip and fall in a government building
    Falls in city halls, courthouses, DMVs, libraries, schools and public garages are governed by Government Code 835 and a six-month claim deadline. Free case review.
  • Slip and fall at a grocery store
    Grocery store falls turn on notice: what the store knew, when it knew, and what its own sweep logs show. Free case review, no cost for the report or the consultation.
  • Slip and fall at Target
    Target falls are documented in a store incident report and usually captured on camera. The fight is over notice and whether a team member caused the hazard.
  • Slip and fall at Walmart
    Walmart stores have wide camera coverage and documented cleaning routines. Both are obtainable, and both decide whether notice can be proven.
  • School bullying and harassment claims
    What California and federal law require schools to do about bullying, which claims actually carry damages, and the deadlines parents have to meet.
  • ADA and disability access violations
    Federal ADA claims can force a fix but not pay damages. California's Unruh Act and access statutes add statutory damages. How the two work together.
  • Deaf civil rights and communication access
    Public entities and businesses must provide effective communication. What that means, where it fails most often, and what remedies exist in California.
  • Failure to provide a sign language interpreter
    Hospitals, police, courts and government offices must provide a qualified interpreter. What the regulations require and what a claim can recover.
  • Uber and Lyft crash claims
    Who pays after a crash in an Uber or Lyft: the driver's policy, the platform's million-dollar coverage, or your own uninsured motorist coverage.
  • Wrongful death claims in California
    Who may bring a wrongful death claim in California, what damages the statute allows, how the survival action differs, and the deadlines that apply.
  • Police excessive force claims
    How Fourth Amendment excessive force claims work under 42 U.S.C. 1983, what the Bane Act adds, and the six-month government claim deadline most people miss.
  • Crashes involving Turo and app-based rentals
    Who answers for a crash in a Turo, Getaround or Eon rental: the driver, the vehicle owner, or the platform. The coverage layers and the Graves Amendment.
  • Traumatic brain injury claims
    Mild TBI, concussion and post-concussion syndrome claims: what the imaging does not show, what neuropsychological testing proves, and what the defense will argue.
  • Tremor and movement disorder claims
    Tremor claims after trauma, medication or toxic exposure: how causation is proven and what records decide the case.

How to use these

Start with the page that matches the place or the conduct, not the injury. A fall at a city office and a fall at a supermarket are both premises cases, but the defendant, the notice rule and the deadline differ: the government claim is measured in months. A crash in a rented car and a crash in a rideshare turn on different contracts and different policies.

The deadline that catches people

  • California public entity: written claim within six months (Gov. Code § 911.2)
  • Federal agency: administrative claim within two years (28 U.S.C. § 2675)
  • Private defendant: two years (Code Civ. Proc. § 335.1)
  • Rideshare and rental: two years for the tort, plus a shorter contractual notice period in your own auto policy
Deadlines are rarely the first problemEvidence is. Video, sweep logs, dispatch audio, trip records and body camera footage all sit on retention schedules measured in days or weeks. A preservation letter in week one does more for a case than a demand letter in month six.

Common questions

Do you charge for the initial review?

No. We review the documents, tell you whether there is a claim, and tell you what the deadline is before any fee is discussed.

Do I have a case if I was partly at fault?

Possibly. California applies comparative fault, and non-economic damages are several-only under Civil Code § 1431.2. Your share reduces the recovery rather than eliminating the claim.

What should I send first?

Photographs, the incident or police report if you have one, any receipt that fixes a time, and the names of anyone who saw it. The form on any page reaches the same intake.

Find out where you stand

A short call is enough to start. We will tell you the deadline, whether the evidence still exists, and what the claim is actually worth.